OSMANLI’DAN CUMHURİYET TÜRKİYE’SİNE GEÇİŞTE KADIN HAKLARINDA YAŞANAN DÖNÜŞÜM: HAKLAR SOSYOLOJİSİ EKSENİNDE BİR ANALİZ

Abstract

When the variability of women's social position is examined within a sociological framework, it is observed that women have generally been relegated to a 'secondary gender' status within patriarchal structures throughout history. Particularly in pre-modern societies, rights granted to women remained quite limited, and female identity was defined accordingly. However, with the establishment of the Republic of Turkey, the rights granted to women constitute a legal revolution, and a radical, structural change has occurred in the status of women. In this study, within the context of the sociology of rights, the political and social gains of women in the Ottoman Empire and Republican Turkey were investigated comparatively, centering on the Turkish Civil Code, which entered into force on February 17, 1926. To carry out the study, works of Prof. Dr. Bülent Kara and the Turkish Civil Code, along with other sources written in this field, were utilized; and findings were obtained through the descriptive content analysis method. Furthermore, the social status of women and the patterns of inequality they face were analyzed from a comparative perspective. As a result of the research, it was determined that although a revolutionary equality was achieved in the legal status of women with the Civil Code, problems stemming from traditional gender roles continue to exist in practical application.

Keywords: Sociology of Rights, Islamic Law, Turkish Civil Code, Equality, Women.